Meal For Decorating For Christmas

Wikimedia list article

Albania [edit]

Byrek me kungull dhe arre – Traditional Albanian pumpkin and walnut pie cooked usually on Christmas Eve, especially in Catholic families.

Argentina [edit]

Vitello tonnato is a popular Christmas dish in Argentina, where it is known as vitel toné. The Piedmontese dish is valued during the summer for its cold serving temperature, and is the legacy of the large Italian immigration to the country.^[1]

Panettone (known locally as pan dulce) and turrón are the most popular Christmas sweets in Argentina regardless of socioeconomic status, with 76% of Argentines choosing the former and 59% the latter in 2015.^[2] Mantecol, a typical peanut dessert, is also popular, being favored by 49% of Argentines in the same survey.^[3] Sparkling wines, ciders and frizzantes concentrate most of their sales during Christmas season; sparkling wine is mostly consumed by small families with high and medium socioeconomic status living in Greater Buenos Aires and the country's largest cities, while cider and frizzantes are popular among lower classes and large families.^[3]

Vitel toné^[4] ^[5] ^[6]
Turrón^[6] ^[7]
Pan dulce^[8]
Asado (beef, chicken, calf, lamb, suckling pig)^[9] ^[10] ^[11] ^[12]
Clericó (or clericot), a sangria-like beverage that combines wine with chopped fruit.^[13]
Cider (apple, pineapple) and sparkling wine^[6] ^[11]
Budín^[10] ^[11]
Salads^[6] ^[10]
- Russian salad^[14]
- Waldorf salad^[6]
- Fruit salad^[10]
Pionono^[6] ^[14]
Matambre^[14]
Lengua a la vinagreta^[14] ^[15]
Garrapiñadas, dried fruits and comfits^[10] ^[11] ^[15] ^[2]
Mantecol^[2]
Sandwiches de miga^[15]
Pavita^[2]

Australia [edit]

White Christmas, a sweet slice made of copha and mixed fruit
Cold ham and cold turkey^[16]
Seafood and salads^[16]
Roast chicken, ham and turkey^[16]
Stuffing^[17]
Christmas cake or Christmas pudding^[16]
Custard
Gingerbread in Christmas shapes
Christmas damper – in wreath or star shape, served with butter, jam, honey or golden syrup. Made in the Australian bush in the 19th century.^[18]
Lollies, such as rocky road; rum balls; candy canes
Champagne^[19]
Eggnog^[20]
Trifle
Pavlova^[17]
Prawns
Mince pie
Christmas cookies

Belgium [edit]

Cougnou (with various like cougnolle), sweet bread in the form of the infant Jesus^[21]

Brazil [edit]

Lombo à Califórnia – pork loins
Rabanada – French toast
Leitão assado – roasted piglet
Peru – roast turkey
Farofa
Pavê – trifle
Ham
Bacalhau – codfish
Brazil nut
Arroz à grega
Potato salad
Salpicão – chicken salad with raisins
Panettone
Crème caramel
Mousse
Cider
Grape juice
Wine

Canada [edit]

Bûche de Noël
Butter tarts
Candy canes
Christmas pudding
Eggnog
Fruitcake
Mince pie
Cranberry sauce
Roasted turkey
Shortbread
Stuffing
Trifle

Chile [edit]

Cola de mono – (literally, "monkey's tail") a Chilean Christmas beverage, with aguardiente, milk, coffee, and flavoured with vanilla and cloves^[22]
Pan de Pascua – Chilean Christmas sponge cake flavoured with cloves and with bits of candied fruits, raisins, walnuts and almonds.^[23]
Roasted turkey
Ponche a la romana – eggnog-style beverage made of champagne and pineapple-flavoured icecream.

Colombia [edit]

Colombian Christmas dishes are mostly sweets and desserts. Some of the most popular dishes include:

Buñuelos
Natilla
Manjar blanco
Hojaldres
Brevas dessert with cheese
Christmas cookies
Sweet bread filled with fruits like raisins and raspberries.
Lechona (rice baked inside a pig, with peas, the meat of the pig and other delicacies)
Tamales
Ponqué envinado (red wine cake)
Turkey
Pernil de Cerdo (pork leg, usually roasted)
Potato salad
Panettone

Cuba [edit]

Crema De Vie – Cuban eggnog, made with condensed milk, rum, sugar syrup, lemon rind, cinnamon, and egg yolk.
Majarete – corn pudding made with coconut milk, fresh corn, cornstarch, milk, water, vanilla, cinnamon and sugar
Platillo Moros y Cristianos
Lechon asado
Turrón

Czech Republic and Slovakia [edit]

Christmas cookies (vánoční cukroví)

Kapustnica – Christmas cabbage soup
Fried carp
Potato salad with mayonnaise, hard-boiled eggs and boiled vegetables
Vánoční cukroví – Christmas cookies
Fruitcake
Gingerbread
Kuba – groats and mushrooms

Before the Christmas holidays, many kinds of sweet biscuits are prepared. The Christmas cookies are then served during the whole Christmas period and exchanged among friends and neighbours. Very popular is also a preparation of small ginger breads garnished by sugar icing.

Denmark [edit]

Æbleskiver – traditional Danish spherical pancakes (a type of doughnut with no hole), sprinkled with powdered sugar and served with raspberry or strawberry jam
Sylte – a form of head cheese, a terrine or meat jelly made from pork, traditionally pig's head was used
Julesild – spiced pickled herring often flavoured with Christmas spices such as cloves and allspice
Boiled whole potatoes
Brun sovs (brown sauce) – a traditional dark gravy, used to cover meat dishes like roasted pork and duck (flæskesteg, andesteg) and the boiled potato
Brunede kartofler – caramelised potatoes
Julebryg – Christmas beer^[24]
Gløgg – mulled red wine combined with spices, sugar, raisins and chopped almonds typically served warm
Risalamande – rice pudding. A dish made from rice, whipped cream and almonds, served cold with cherry sauce (kirsebærsauce)^[25] ^[26]
Flæskesteg – roast pork with cracklings
Andesteg – roast duck with apple and prune stuffing
Rødkål – red cabbage pickled, sweet-sour red cabbage served hot as a side dish
Christmas cookies – Vaniljekranse, klejner, jødekager, pebernødder, honningkager, brunkager and finskbrød
Konfekt, marzipan, caramelised fruits, nougat and chocolate-covered nuts
Ground nuts

Dominican Republic [edit]

Moro de guandules con coco – rice with pigeon peas and coconut milk
Ensalada verde – Iceberg lettuce, onions, cucumber and tomatoes salad
Ensalada Rusa - Russian salad included with beets and corn
Pasteles de hojas – Root tamales, Christmas tradition adopted from Puerto Rico
Empanada
Pastelon - Casserole
Pig roast
Pollo al horno – roasted chicken
Telera – Dominican bread similar to Mexican telera

Drinks:

Anisette – Anise-flavored liquor
Guavaberry - a drink from the Lesser Antilles historic Saint Martin natives now a part of the Dominican Republics Christmas tradition
Ponche crema - Rum eggnog
Jengibre – Allspice, cinnamon, lemon and ginger tea
Mandarin Liqueur - Mandarin peels fermented with rum and sugar

Desserts:

Buñuelos - Fried cassava dough balls covered in spiced flavored syrup
Turrón - Honey and almond nougat. Tradition from Spain
Vaniljekranse – Danish butter cookies
Fruits and nuts - a variety of nuts, fresh and dried fruit

Finland [edit]

Christmas smorgasbord from Finland, "Joulupöytä", (translated "Yule table"), a traditional display of Christmas food^[27] served at Christmas in Finland, similar to the Swedish smörgåsbord, including:

Christmas ham with mustard (almost every family has one for Christmas)
Freshly salted salmon (gravlax graavilohi) and whitefish graavisiika
Pickled herring in various forms (tomato, mustard, matjes or onion sauces)
Rosolli (cold salad dish with diced beetroot, potato and carrot – some varieties also incorporate apple)
Lutefisk and Béchamel sauce^[27]
Whitefish and pikeperch
Potato casserole^[27] (sweetened or not, depending on preference)
Boiled potatoes
Carrot casserole^[27]
Rutabaga casserole (lanttulaatikko)^[27]
Various sauces
Assortment of cheese, most commonly (leipäjuusto) and Aura (aura-juusto)
Christmas bread, usually sweet bread (Joululimppu)
Karelian pasties, rice pasties, served with egg-butter (Karjalanpiirakka)

Other meat dishes could be:

Karelian hot pot, traditional meat stew originating from the region of Karelia (Karjalanpaisti)

Desserts:

Rice pudding or rice porridge topped with cinnamon, sugar and cold milk or with mixed fruit soup (riisipuuro)
Joulutorttu, traditionally a star-shaped piece of puff-pastry with prune marmalade in the middle
Gingerbread,^[27] sometimes in the form of a gingerbread house or gingerbread man (piparkakut)
Mixed fruit soup or prune soup, kissel (sekahedelmäkiisseli, luumukiisseli)

Drinks:

Glögg or mulled wine (glögi)
Christmas beer (Jouluolut); local manufacturers produce Christmas varieties^[28]
"Home beer" (non-alcoholic beer-like drink, similar to the Russian beverage kvass) (kotikalja)

France [edit]

Oysters^[29]
Foie gras^[29]
Smoked salmon
Scallops
Champagne
Crêpes (Brittany)^[30]
chapon (roasted chicken)
dinde aux marrons (chestnut-stuffed turkey)
Ganzeltopf (goose) (Alsace)^[29]
Bûche de Noël.^[31]

Kouglof (Alsace)
Thirteen desserts (Provence):^[29] The thirteen desserts are the traditional Christmas dessert in the French region of Provence. The Christmas supper ends with 13 dessert items, representing Jesus Christ and the 12 apostles. The desserts are traditionally set out Christmas Eve and remain on the table three days until December 27.^[32]
Walnut
Quince cheese^[32]
Almond
Raisin
Calisson of Aix-en-Provence
Nougat blanc
Nougat noir au miel
Apple
Pear
Orange
Winter melon
Fougasse (Provençal bread)

Germany [edit]

Christstollen^[33] – Stollen is a fruitcake with bits of candied fruits, raisins, walnuts and almonds and spices such as cardamom and cinnamon; sprinkled with confectioners sugar. Often there's also a core of marzipan.^[34]
Pfefferkuchenhaus – a gingerbread house decorated with candies, sweets and sugar icing (in reference to the gingerbread house of the fairy tale Hänsel and Gretel)
Printen^[35]
Oblaten Lebkuchen
Springerle
Weihnachtsplätzchen (Christmas cookies)
Carp
Roast goose
Venison – e.g. meat of roe deer usually served with red cabbage, brussels sprout and lingonberry sauce
Herring salad – salad of pickled or soused herring, beetroot, potatoes, apple
Kartoffelsalat (potato salad) with Wurst (sausages) is traditionally eaten in northern Germany for supper on Christmas Eve
Schäufele (a corned, smoked ham) usually served with potato salad in southern Germany for dinner on Christmas Eve
Weisswurst – sausages with veal and bacon, usually flavored with parsley, lemon, mace, onions, ginger and cardamom
Feuerzangenbowle
Glühwein (hot spiced wine)

Greece [edit]

Kourabiedes
Melomakarono
Diples
Christopsomo (Christmas bread)
Pork or turkey^[36]

Guatemala [edit]

Tamales
Ponche (Christmas fruit punch served hot with much fruit)
pavo (turkey)
Buñuelos (fluffy sweet dessert made with corn with maple syrup)
chicken (prepared with different stuffings and accompanied with various side dishes such as salads or rice)

Hong Kong [edit]

Ginger bread
Roasted turkey
Roasted chicken

Hungary [edit]

Fish soup (halászlé) various recipes
Stuffed cabbage (töltött káposzta)
Roast goose
Roast duck
Pastry roll filled with walnut or poppy seed (bejgli)
Bread pudding with poppy seed (mákos guba or bobájka)
Szaloncukor

Iceland [edit]

Hamborgarhryggur – a smoked, cured pork roast.
Ptarmigan – gamebird in the grouse family
Hangikjöt
Oven-roasted turkey
Möndlugrautur – a Christmas rice pudding with an almond hidden inside (the same as the Swedish Julgröt)
Caramelised potatoes, Icelandic. Brúnaðar kartöflur (same as in Danish cuisine).
Pickled red cabbage
Smákökur – small cookies of various sorts
Laufabrauð – round, very thin flat cakes with a diameter of about 15 to 20 cm (6 to 8 inches), decorated with leaf-like, geometric patterns and fried briefly in hot fat or oil

India [edit]

Christianity is not a major religion of India, but Christians in India celebrate Christmas by enjoying several dishes, such as Allahabadi cake, Candy canes, Plum cakes etc. Some of the popular dishes eaten during Christmas in India are:

Allahabadi cake.^[37]
Christmas cake – a type of fruit cake.^[38]
Mathri – a traditional flaky biscuit.
Gulab Jamun – a traditional sweet prepared with khoa.
Jalebi
Kheer – boiled rice cooked with milk, sugar, saffron and is garnished with nuts such as almonds and pistachios. It can also be made with barley.
Chhena Poda – a dessert made with Chhena (cottage cheese) which is slightly roasted and soaked in sugar syrup. It is garnished with cashew nuts and served. Chhena Poda is popular in the Odisha state of India. It is eaten during the Christmas season but is available throughout the year.
Chocolate covered fruit
Dumplings – dumplings filled with Indian spices with a sweet or savoury filling.
Tarts
Neureos – a kind of dumpling made of semolina, khoa and nutlet.
Roast chicken
Bebinca – a dessert popular in Goa which is eaten during Christmas season.
Biryani
Stew – stews prepared with chicken, mutton, fish.
Candy canes
Aloo Dum
Vindaloo – a spicy Goan curry with pork made during Christmas.
Fruits, such as apple, orange, guava.
Mixed nuts
Cupcakes
Drinks, such as cider, ginger ale, etc.

Church services are also held in churches throughout India, in which Christmas dinners are held which include dishes such as Allahabadi cake, candy canes, christmas cookies.

Indonesia [edit]

Klappertaart^[39]
Poffertjes^[39]
Ayam Rica^[39]
Jaha Rice
Turmeric and lime fish
Kohu-kohu
Kidney bean soup

Italy [edit]

Panettone (Milan)^[40] ^[41]
Pandoro (Verona)^[42]
Panforte (Tuscany)^[43]
Prosecco (Veneto)^[44]
Spumante (Piedmont)^[44]
Struffoli (Naples)
Pastiera (Naples)
Duck a L'Orange

Jamaica [edit]

Christmas (fruit) cake or black cake – a heavy fruit cake made with dried fruit, wine and rum.
Sorrel – often served to guests with Christmas cake; Sorrel is made from the same sepals as Latin American drink "Jamaica," but is more concentrated and usually flavored with ginger. Adding rum is traditional at Christmas time.
Curry goat
Rice and peas – a Sunday staple, at Christmas dinner is usually made with green (fresh) gungo (pigeon) peas instead of dried kidney beans or other dried legumes.
Christmas ham
Chicken
Pine and ginger

Japan [edit]

Christmas cake – different from the British Christmas cake or American fruitcake, the Japanese style Christmas cake is often a white cream cake, sponge cake frosted with whipped cream, topped with strawberries and with a chocolate plate that says Merry Christmas,^[45] though yule logs are also available.
KFC fried chicken – with turkey as a dish being virtually unknown in Japan^[46] the popularity of this item at Christmas is such that orders are placed as much as two months in advance.^[47]

Lithuania [edit]

Twelve-dish Christmas Eve supper – twelve dishes representing the twelve Apostles or twelve months of the year – plays the main role in Lithuanian Christmas tradition. The traditional dishes are served on December 24.
- Poppy milk (aguonų pienas)
- Slizikai ( or kūčiukai) – slightly sweet small pastries made from leavened dough and poppy seed
- Auselės (Deep fried dumplings)
- Herring with carrots (silkė su morkomis')
- Herring with mushrooms (silkė su grybais')
- Spanguolių kisielius – cranberry and milk sauce dessert

Malaysia [edit]

Bolo Rei – a type of cake
Chap chye – a vegetable stew
Steamboat – a hotpot dish for communal dining. Not to be confused with Steamboat
Devil's curry – from the Eurasian tradition
Egg salad
Vindaloo – a spicy Goan curry made usually with pork
Semur (Indonesian stew)
Christmas pudding
Candy canes

Malta [edit]

Panettone – from the Italian tradition
Fruitcake – from British Influence
Christmas/Yule log (cake) – a log (similar to a tree's) that is made from chocolate and candied fruits
Mince Pies – from British Influence
Timpana – traditionally served as a starter
Roast Turkey – from British Influence

Mexico [edit]

Meat
- Roasted turkey – stuffed, roasted turkey served with gravy.
- Glazed ham – ham glazed with honey or sugar dressed with cherries and pineapples.
- Jamón (Spanish Dry-Cured Ham)
- Lechon
- Seafood
  - Bacalao – cod Basque style. Traditionally eaten in the central and southern states of Mexico.
  - Shrimp – cocktail or prepared in Torrejas (dried shrimp pancakes)
  - Octopus – cocktail
  - Crab
Stews
- Menudo – a Christmas morning tradition in northwestern states, Menudo is a tripe and hominy soup. Menudo is often prepared the night before (Christmas Eve) as its cooking time can take up to 5 hours.
- Pozole – hominy soup with added pork
Salads & other side dishes
- Tamales – can sometimes replace the traditional turkey or Bacalao with romeritos, particularly in northern and southern parts of Mexico.
- Ensalada Navideña – Christmas salad with apples, raisins, pecans, and marshmallows.
- Ensalada de Noche Buena – Christmas Eve salad
- Ensalada Rusa – potato salad, particularly popular in northern states.
- Romeritos – also a Christmas tradition of the central region, romeritos are small green leaves similar to Rosemary mixed generally with mole and potatoes.
Sweets
- Buñuelo – fried sweet pastry
- Capirotada – bread pudding
- Turrón
- Cocada – coconut candy
- Volteado de piña – pineapple upside-down cake. Turned-over cake with cherries and pineapples.
- Carlota de Chocolate – cake
- Mantecados and polvorones – crumbly cakes
- Marzipan, almond cakes
- Pan dulce – sweet rolls
- Churros
Fresh Fruit
- Tejocotes
- Guayabas
- Caña de azucar
Drinks
- Champurrado – thick hot chocolate
- Chocolate – hot chocolate
- Cidra – apple cider
- Atole – corn based drink
- Rompope – similar to eggnog
- Ponche Navideño – a hot, sweet drink made with apples, sugar cane, prunes and tejocotes. For grown-ups, ponche is never complete without its "piquete" – either tequila or rum

New Zealand [edit]

Pavlova
Ham
Turkey
Strawberries
Christmas Pudding
Christmas mince
Wine
Trifle
Lollies such as Warheads and candy canes
Potato salad
Peanuts
Cherries
Seafood

Norway [edit]

Scandinavian-style gingerbread

Akevitt – Akvavit, a spirit flavored with spices like caraway and aniseed
Gløgg – mulled wine
Julepølse – pork sausage made with powdered ginger, cloves, mustard seeds and nutmeg. Served steamed or roasted.
Lutefisk – fish preserved with lye that has been washed and boiled
Pinnekjøt/Pinnekjøtt – salted, dried, and sometimes smoked lamb's ribs which are rehydrated and then steamed, traditionally over birch branches
Svineribbe – pork ribs roasted whole with the skin on, rather than spare ribs
Julegrøt – Christmas rice porridge with an almond hidden inside
Julebrus – Norwegian soft drink, usually with a festive label on the bottle. It is brewed by most Norwegian breweries, as a Christmas drink for minors.
Julekake – Norwegian yeast cake with dried fruits and spices
Sossiser – small Christmas sausages
Medisterkaker – large meatballs made from a mix of pork meat and pork fat
Raudkål/Rødkål – sweet and sour red cabbage, as a side dish
Kålrabistappe/Kålrotstappe – Purée of rutabaga, as a side dish
Peparkake/Pepperkake – gingerbread-like spice cookies flavoured with black pepper
Lussekatter – St. Lucia Buns with saffron
Multekrem – a dessert consisting of cloudberries and whipped cream

Panama [edit]

Arroz con Pollo
Tamales
Ham
Turkey
Grapes
Fruit cake
Egg nog
Potato salad
Pan de Rosca
Pan Bon
Spaghetti

Paraguay [edit]

Apple cider
Beef Tongue sometimes covered in vinaigrette
Cider
Clericó (citric alcoholic Drink made out of a mix of fruits and wine)
Roasted chicken
Potato salad
Roast pork
Sopa paraguaya

Philippines [edit]

Large bibingka from the Philippines

Bibingka – traditional dessert made with rice flour, sugar, clarified butter and coconut milk. baked in layers and topped with butter and sugar.^[48]
Caldereta
Ham^[49]
Mechado
Menudo
Morcon
Pancit – Filipino style noodle dish made with sliced meat and vegetables
Puto bumbong – a purple-coloured Filipino dessert made of sweet rice cooked in hollow bamboo tubes placed on a special steamer-cooker. When cooked, they are spread with margarine and sprinkled with sugar and grated coconut.^[48]
Queso de bola (edam cheese)^[49]
Salads (either fruit, coconut or garden)
Lechon

Poland [edit]

12 dishes are served as a reminder of the 12 Apostles on Christmas Eve, 24 December. Polish people don't eat meat on this day, instead they choose from variety of fish and vegetable dishes. The meal begins when the first star is seen.

Barszcz (beetroot soup) with uszka (small dumplings) - a classic Polish Christmas starter.
Pierogi with sauerkraut and forest mushrooms; filled with cottage cheese and potatoes
Zupa rybna – fish soup
Żurek – soup made of soured rye flour and meat
Zupa grzybowa – mushroom soup made of various forest mushrooms
Bigos – savory stew of cabbage and meat
Kompot – traditional drink a light, refreshing drink most often made of dried or fresh fruit boiled in water with sugar and left to cool and infuse.
Gołąbki – cabbage rolls
Pieczarki marynowane – marinated mushrooms
Kartofle gotowane – simple boiled potatoes sparkled with parsley or dill
Kulebiak – with fish or cabbage and wild mushrooms filling
Ryba smażona or ryba po grecku – fried fish laid under lyers of fried shredded carrots, onions, root celery and leek
Sałatka jarzynowa – salad made with boiled potatoes and carrots with fresh peas, sweetcorn, dill cucumber, and boiled egg, mixed with mayonnaise.
Łamaniec – type of flat and rather hard pancake that is soaked in warm milk with poppy seeds. Eaten in eastern regions such as around * Białystok
Makowiec – poppy seed roll

Portugal [edit]

Bacalhau – codfish
Cabrito assado – roasted goat
Borrego assado – roasted lamb
Polvo cozido – boiled octopus
Carne de Vinha d' Alhos – mainly served in Madeira – pork dish
Bolo de mel – mainly served in Madeira - Cake made with molasses
Bolo Rei (king cake) – a beautifully decorated fluffy fruitcake
Bolo-Rei escangalhado (broken king cake) – it is like the first one, but has also cinnamon and chilacayote jam (doce de gila)
Bolo-Rainha (queen cake) – similar to Bolo-Rei, but with only nuts, raisins and almonds
Bolo-Rei de chocolate – it is like the Bolo-Rei, but has less (or no) fruit, nuts, chilacayote jam and many chocolate chips
Broa castelar – a small, soft and thin cake made of sweet potato and orange
Fatias douradas – slices of pan bread, soaked in egg with sugar, fried and sprinkled with powdered sugar and cinnamon
Rabanadas – they are like fatias douradas, but made with common bread
Aletria – composed of pasta, milk, butter, sugar, eggs, lemon peel, cinnamon powder and salt
Formigos – a delicious dessert made with sugar, eggs, pieces of bread, almonds, port wine and cinnamon powder
Filhós / Filhozes / Filhoses – depending on the region, they may be thin or fluffy pieces of a fried dough made of eggs, honey, orange, lemon, flour and anise, sprinkled - or not with icing sugar
Coscorões – thin squares of a fried orange flavoured dough
Azevias de grão, batata-doce ou gila – deep fried thin dough pastries filled with a delicious cream made of chickpea, sweet potato or chilacayote, powdered with sugar and cinnamon
Tarte de amêndoa – almond pie
Tronco de Natal – Christmas log – a Swiss roll, resembling a tree's trunk, filled with chocolate cream, decorated with chocolate and mini – 2 cm Christmas trees
Lampreia de ovos – a sweet made of eggs, well decorated
Sonhos – an orange flavoured fried yeast dough, powdered with icing sugar
Velhoses – they are like the sonhos, but made with pumpkin
Bolo de Natal – Christmas cake
Pudim de Natal – Christmas pudding, similar to flan
Vinho quente – mulled wine made with boiled wine, egg yolk, sugar and cinnamon
Turkey – on the island of Terceira, turkey has recently taken over as the traditional Christmas dish over Bacalhau, due to the influence of American culture on the island, home to the United States Air Force's 65th Air Base Wing.

Puerto Rico [edit]

Arroz con gandules – yellow-rice, pigeon peas, olives, capers, pieces of pork, spices and sofrito cooked in the same pot.
Ensalada de pulpo - octopus salad.
Escabeche – pickled green bananas or cassava and chicken gizzards.
Macaroni salad – with canned tuna and peppers.
Morcilla - blood sausage.
Pasteles - Puerto Rican tamle made from milk, stock, root vegetables, squash, green banana, plantain dough and stuffed with meat.
Hallaca - Puerto Rican tamale made with milk, stock, cassava and stuffed with meat.
Pastelón – sweet plantain "lasagna".
Pig roast – Puerto Rico is famous for their pig roast. It is also a part (along with arroz con gandules) of their national dish.
Potato salad – most commonly made with apples, chorizo and hard-boiled eggs. Potatoes are sometimes replaced with cassava.

Drinks:

Bilí – Spanish limes or cherries fermented in rum with spices, brown sugar, citrus peels, bay leaves, avocado leaves, often cucumber, ginger, and coconut shells.
Coquito – spiced coconut eggnog.
Coquito de guayaba - spiced guava eggnog with cream cheese or coconut milk added.
Piña colada
Rum punch – rum, orange liqueur, grenadine, ginger ale, grapefruit juice served with fruit, lemon and lime slices.
La Danza – champagne with passion fruit juice, orange liqueur, lime juice, lemon juice, and strawberry juice.

Dessert:

Arroz con dulce – Spiced coconut and raisin rice pudding.
Bread pudding – soaked in coconut milk and served with a guava rum sauce.
Dulce de cassabanana – musk cucumber cooked in syrup topped with walnuts and sour cream on the side.
Dulce de papaya con queso – Fermented green papaya with spices and sugar syrup served with ausubal cheese or fresh white cheese.
Flancocho – Crème caramel with a layer of cream cheese and Puerto Rican style spongecake underneath.
Majarete – rice and coconut custard. Made with coconut cream, marshmallows, milk, rice flour, sugar, vanilla and sour orange leaves with cinnamon served on top.
Rum cake
Tembleque – a pudding made with cornstarch, coconut cream, sugar, milk, orange blossom water and coconut milk.
Turrón – Sesame brittle or almond brittle.
Mantecaditos – Puerto Rican shortbread cookies. Made with shortening, coconut butter, flour, almond flour, vanilla, nutmeg and almond extract. They are usually filled with guava jam or pineapple jam in the middle.
Natilla - Milk, coconut cream and egg yolk custard made with additional cinnamon, cornstarch, sugar, vanilla, lemon zest and orange blossom water. Served in individual ramekins with cinnamon sprinkled on top.

Romania [edit]

Romanian Christmas foods are mostly pork-based dishes.^[50] Five days before Christmas, Romanians are celebrating the Ignat Day, a religious holy day dedicated to the Holy Martyr Ignatius Theophorus, associated with a practice that takes place especially on villages scattered around the country: the ritual of slaughtering the pigs. And they are using everything from the pigs: from their blood to their ears. Five days later their tables are filled not only with generous pork roasts but also with:

Piftie – pork jelly, made only with pork meat, vegetables and garlic
Lebăr – liver sausages, a local variety of liverwurst
Caltaboș – sausages made from organs
Cârnaţi – pork-based sausages
Sângerete – blood sausages
Tobă – head cheese made from various cuttings of pork, liver boiled, diced and "packed" in pork stomach like a salami
Sarmale – rolls of cabbage pickled in brine and filled with meat and rice (see sarma)
Salată de boeuf – a more recent dish, but highly popular, this type of salad uses boiled vegetables and meat (beef, poultry, even ham). It can include potatoes, carrots, pickled red peppers and cucumbers, egg whites bits. Everything is mixed together with mayonnaise and mustard.
Cozonac, the Romanian equivalent of panettone or sweet bread.

Strong spirits: Palinka, Rachiu, Ţuică

San Marino [edit]

Bustrengo

Serbia [edit]

Fish soup for Christmas Eve
Koljivo – boiled wheat which is used liturgically in the Eastern Orthodox and Greek Catholic churches
Česnica – Christmas soda bread with a silver coin to bring health and good luck baked in the bread.

South Africa [edit]

Christmas is in the summer time in South Africa, so lots of summer fruits like Watermelon and cantaloupes are enjoyed around the time. Popular desserts include trifle, melktert and peppermint crisp tart. People in South Africa love to Braai, and would do that for Christmas or New Year's Day.

Beef tongue
Gammon
Potato Salad
Garden Salad
Turducken
Turkey
Braaivleis
Boerewors
Potjiekos
Breyani
Bobotie
Meatballs
Fried chicken
Trifle
Fruitcake
Christmas pudding
Ice cream
Melktert
Peppermint crisp tart – fridge tart made with peppermint crisp, caramel treat and tennis biscuits
Yogurt tart – fridge tart
Cookies
Hertzoggies
Lamingtons
Watermelon
Melon
Mango
Pineapple
Strawberries
Peanuts
Lollies such as candy canes

Spain [edit]

Jamón (Spanish dry-cured ham)
Meat
- Roasted turkey
- Roasted lamb
- Seafood
  - Langostinos – (king prawn)
  - Shrimp
  - Lobster
  - Crab
  - Gilt-head bream
Sweets
- Turrón
- Yema – egg-based dessert
- Mantecados and polvorones – crumbly cakes
- Marzipan – almond cakes
- King cake known as roscón de Reyes in Spanish and tortell in Catalan.
- Churros^[51]

Sweden [edit]

Julbord Christmas dinner in Sweden

Julbord^[52] - Christmas smorgasbord ("Christmas table"), a catch-all term for all the dishes served during Christmas Eve:
- Köttbullar – Swedish meatballs
- Julskinka – Christmas ham
- Dopp i grytan ("dipping in the kettle") – dipping bread slices in the ham broth after boiling the Christmas ham.^[53]
- Prinskorv – small hot dog sausages
- Fläskkorv – big pork sausage
- Isterband – smoked fresh pork sausage
- Revbensspjäll – spare ribs
- Inlagd sill – pickled herring (usually of different types)
- Gravad lax – lox
- Janssons frestelse ("Jansson's Temptation") – warm, scalloped potato casserole with anchovies
- Vörtlimpa – Swedish rye bread with grated orange peel made for Christmas, with or without raisins.
- Knäckebröd – dry crisp bread
- Rödkål – sweet and sour red cabbage, as a side dish
- Grönkål – sweet and sour kale as a side dish
- Brunkål ("brown cabbage") – cabbage flavoured with syrup hence the name
- Rödbetor – sliced beet root
- An array of cheeses – bondost, herrgårdsost, prästost, mesost (hard goat milk cheese)
Lutfisk^[54] – lye-fish (whitefish) that has been boiled served with white gravy
Julmust – a traditional, very sweet, stout-like, Christmas soft drink, originally intended as an alternative to alcohol beverage called Mumma
Glögg – mulled wine
Knäck or Christmas Butterscotch – Christmas toffee^[55]
Pepparkakor (Gingerbread) – brown cookies flavoured with a variety of traditional Christmas spices
Julost – Christmas cheese
Julgröt – Christmas rice pudding with an almond hidden inside
Lussekatter – Saint Lucy saffron buns
Limpa bread – orange and rye spice bread

Trinidad and Tobago [edit]

In Trinidad and Tobago traditional meals consists of generous helpings of baked ham, pastelles, black fruit cake, sweet breads, along with traditional drinks such as sorrel, ginger beer, and ponche de crème. The ham is the main item on the Christmas menu with sorrel to accompany it.^[56] ^[57]

Christmas ham
Sorrel
Pastelles also known as Hallacas
Ponche de crème – a version of eggnog
Black cake

Ukraine [edit]

Orthodox and Roman Catholic Christians in Ukraine traditionally have two Christmas dinners. The first is a Lent Dinner, it is held on the January 6 and should consist of meatless dishes. The second is a Christmas Festive dinner held on January 7, when the meat dishes and alcohol are already allowed on the table. The dinner normally has 12 dishes which represent Jesus's 12 disciples. Both Christmas dinners traditionally include a number of authentic Ukrainian dishes, which have over thousand-year history and date back to pagan times.

Kutya
Uzvar^[58]
Varenyky
Borscht
Deruny^[59]
Pampykhy

United Kingdom and Ireland [edit]

In the United Kingdom, what is now regarded as the traditional meal consists of roast turkey with cranberry sauce, served with roast potatoes and parsnips and other vegetables, followed by Christmas pudding, a heavy steamed pudding made with dried fruit, suet, and very little flour. Other roast meats may be served, and in the nineteenth century the traditional roast was goose. The same carries over to Ireland with some variations.

Beef Wellington (alternative main course)^[60]
Brandy butter
Bread sauce
Brussels sprouts^[61]
Candy canes
Chocolate yule log
Christmas cake
Christmas ham (usually a honey or marmalade glazed roast or boiled gammon joint)
Christmas pudding^[62]
Cranberry sauce^[63]
Devils on horseback^[64]
Dundee cake (traditional Scottish fruit cake)
Gingerbread^[65]
Gravy^[66]
Hot chocolate
Mince pies^[67]
Mulled wine^[68]
Nut roast (a popular vegetarian alternative)
Pigs in a blanket (Chipolata sausages wrapped in bacon)
Roast turkey^[67]
Roast beef
Roasted chestnuts^[69]
Roast duck
Roast goose
Roast pheasant
Roast parsnips and carrots
Roast potatoes (occasionally roasted with goose or duck fat)^[70]
Spiced beef (traditionally served in Ireland and Northern Ireland)
Stuffing
Trifle^[71]
Tunis Cake
Twelfth Night Cake (traditionally eaten on the final day of Christmas)^[72]

United States [edit]

Apple cider
Boiled custard
Candy canes
Champagne, or sparkling apple cider
Chocolate fudge
Christmas cookies
Cranberry sauce
Eggnog
Fish as part of the Feast of the Seven Fishes
Fruitcake
Gingerbread, often in the form of a gingerbread house or gingerbread man
Christmas ham
Hot buttered rum
Hot chocolate
Mashed potato
Mixed nuts, chestnuts, dried figs, Dried dates
Oyster stew, composed of oysters simmered in cream or milk and butter.
Persimmon pudding
Pie
- Apple pie
- Pecan pie
- Pumpkin pie
- Sweet potato pie
Yams/sweet potato casserole (with marshmallow)
Red velvet cake
Russian tea cakes
Tom and Jerry
Roast turkey, less often roast duck, goose, chicken or pheasant
Stuffing, also known as dressing, particularly in the southern U.S.

See also: Thanksgiving (the dishes tend to be similar)

Venezuela [edit]

Hallaca – rectangle-shaped meal made of maize, filled with beef, pork, chicken, olives, raisins and caper, and wrapped in plantain leaves and boiled to cook.
Pan de jamón – ham-filled bread with olives and raisins and often sliced cheese.
Dulce de lechosa – dessert made of cooked sliced unripe papaya in reduced sugar syrup
Ensalada de gallina – salad made of potato, carrot, apple and shredded chicken (hen usually home or locally raised as opposed to store bought chicken)
Pernil^[73] – commonly referred to as roast pork

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External links [edit]

Christmas recipes at Curlie